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051200 visitors
since 4/20/2004

Last updated 10/01/09

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Mutant Detail


Mutant Detail:
Mutant SymbolC71 (domi) 
Allele Symboldmi1-1 
Gene and Mutation LocationDMI1 (G1264A point mutation that occurs at the 5' splice site of the third intron and that causes missplicing event) 
Symbiotic Phenotype BriefCalcium flux+, Calcium spiking-, Has+, Hab-(touch response), Enod gene expression-, Ccd-, Hac-(touch response), Hac+(no touch response), Inf-, Nod-, Myc- 
Phenotype DetailNod-; defective in calcium spiking; With induced touch response, the mutant showed root hair tip swelling (Has) but blocked for branching (Hab-), lack cortical cell division (Ccd-), no root curling (Hac-) and no infection threads (Inf-) in response to live bacteria; blocked in the induction of ENOD11 and ENOD40; impaired for ENOD12 expression; dramatically reduced induction of RIP1; Myc- phenotype; Recessive; Inoculation with S. meliloti was unable to elicit either superoxide production or rip1 expression; exogenous H2O2 was still able to induce rip1 expression in dmi1-1 roots. A more recent paper by Esseling et al., 2004 showed that when care is taken not to induce touch response, root hairs reorientate upon NF spot application. 
Single gene targeted?yes 
Extra InformationThe mutant showed no measurable transcriptional changes in response to S. meliloti inoculation. The lack of S. meliloti-induced superoxide production in dmi1-1 plants implies that the mutant is blocked at a stage upstream of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. A recent paper by Esseling et al., 2004 showed that DMI1 is not required for NF induced morphological responses. 
Mutagenesis MethodEMS 
Mutant ClassNod- 
Allelismnot allelic to dmi2, dmi3 or nsp1, determined by complementation test 
The earliest development stage known to be affectedCalcium spiking 
Wildtype LineJemalong A17 
External Linkhttp://www.genome.clemson.edu/affiliated_cugi/medicago/genelist.html 

References:
Authors Year Title Locator
Ane JM, Kiss GB, Riely BK, Penmetsa RV, Oldroyd GE, Ayax C, Levy J, Debelle F, Baek JM, Kalo P, Rosenberg C, Roe BA, Long SR, Denarie J and Cook DR 2004 Medicago truncatula DMI1 required for bacterial and fungal symbioses in legumes Science. 303(5662):1364-7 
Ane JM, Levy J, Thoquet P, Kulikova O, de Billy F, Penmetsa V, Kim DJ, Debelle F, Rosenberg C, Cook DR, Bisseling T, Huguet T and Denarie J 2002 Genetic and cytogenetic mapping of DMI1, DMI2, and DMI3 genes of Medicago truncatula involved in Nod factor transduction, nodulation, and mycorrhization Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 15(11):1108-18 
Catoira R, Galera C, de Billy F, Penmetsa RV, Journet EP, Maillet F, Rosenberg C, Cook D, Gough C and Denarie J 2000 Four genes of Medicago truncatula controlling components of a nod factor transduction pathway Plant Cell. 12(9):1647-66 
Esseling JJ, Lhuissier FG and Emons AM 2004 A nonsymbiotic root hair tip growth phenotype in NORK-mutated legumes: implications for nodulation factor-induced signaling and formation of a multifaceted root hair pocket for bacteria Plant Cell. 16(4):933-44 
Mitra RM, Shaw SL and Long SR 2004 Six nonnodulating plant mutants defective for Nod factor-induced transcriptional changes associated with the legume-rhizobia symbiosis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 101(27):10217-22 
Ramu SK, Peng HM and Cook DR 2002 Nod factor induction of reactive oxygen species production is correlated with expression of the early nodulin gene rip1 in Medicago truncatula Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 15(6):522-8 
Shaw SL and Long SR 2003 Nod factor elicits two separable calcium responses in Medicago truncatula root hair cells Plant Physiol. 131(3):976-84 
Wais RJ, Galera C, Oldroyd G, Catoira R, Penmetsa RV, Cook D, Gough C, Denarie J and Long SR 2000 Genetic analysis of calcium spiking responses in nodulation mutants of Medicago truncatula Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 97(24):13407-12 

Curation Information:
Data entered byChunhong Mao (05/06/2004)
Updated/Verified byChunxia Wang (07/26/2004), Jing Qiu (08/27/2004), Chunhong Mao (09/02/2004)
Final verification statusverified by Chunhong Mao (09/02/2004)